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Harprit Kaur ¹, Manjot Kaur ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Psychology, Punjabi University, Patiala, IN

Abstract

Gender mainstreaming may well be the most basic strategy for the promotion of gender equality as was recognized by experts at Beijing in 1995. While it is the ultimate tool, but it encompasses a range of strategies which must cut across differential developmental stages, and consequently address the related significant areas. The first evidence of gender inequality is the early socialization; and hence the mainstreaming too must begin by recognizing the gender biases in the earliest parent child interactions. Parents are the most influential and effective socializing agents during the course of development (Sirohi & Chauhan ,1991). Researches show that family environment and child rearing practices, significantly affect the child's thinking, feelings and behaviour, and hence create the basic framework within which the consequent adult approach to life is determined. The whole personality of child can be moulded by parental interactions. Parenting style refers to a privilege or responsibility of parents to prepare the child to get along in the society according to cultural norms (Veeness, 1973). Further, the child's own perception of parental attitudes plays a very crucial role in his / her personality development (Rohner, 1990). So the child's perception of parental attitude towards himself /herself is of great concern in the dynamics of behavior. It provides new avenues of research for deeper probe in the domain of how gender inequalities get perpetuated; and are maintained as the gender stereotypes may become an inherent part of psyche by internalizing parental gender based interactional patterns. The present paper aims to analyze the parental relationship as perceived by boys and girls, with specific reference to their perception of fathering and mothering. The aim is to highlight the differences in the child parent relationship due to the gender of the child, with the ultimate purpose of identifying the domains which need to be addressed to mainstream gender equality will be highlighted.

Keywords

Parent-Child Relationship, Gander Bias.

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Harprit Kaur ¹, Diksha Sachdeva ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Psychology, Punjabi University, Patiala, IN
2 Department of Psychology, Punjabi University, Patiala

Abstract

Present investigation has examined the mental health of adolescents in relation to alienation. Total of 97 adolescents belonging to age range from 14 to 17 years were selected randomly from various schools of Patiala and Delhi for the study. Student Alienation Scale and General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-28) were administered after a rapport building session. The results obtained from ANOVA revealed that anxiety and depression were significantly related to alienation whereas somatic complaints and social dysfunction were insignificantly related.the detailed results and their implications are discussed in the paper.

Keywords

Alienation, Mental Health, Anxiety, Depression.

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Monika Dutta ¹, Harprit Kaur ¹

Affiliations
1 National Institute of Nursing Education, PGIMER, Chandigarh, IN

Abstract

In this study aim was to investigate the level of health promoting behaviours among urban working females and also to explore the relationship between different dimensions of health promoting behaviours. Descriptive study was planned. By using questionnaires the study was conducted among urban working females from Chandigarh, India. Background questionnaire and health promoting lifestyle profile II (HPLP-II) were used to collect information. A convenient sample comprised of 200 working females. The age ranged from 23-45 years with mean age of 32.01 ± 4.74. For physical activity and health responsibility the maximum subjects had fair level of health promotion i.e. 121 (60.5%), 105 (52.5%), which means sometimes only the activities related these aspects were practiced. Level of efforts for improving interpersonal relationships, spiritualism and stress management was good in most of the subjects in this study i.e. 149 (74.5%), 132 (66%) and 114 (57%) respectively. Mean score for health promoting behaviours was 2.6 out of 4. For physical activity as one dimension of health promoting behaviours the mean score was 2.21 and it was least as compared to other dimensions. Efforts for spiritual growth and relationship building were quite good and the mean score was 2.97 and 2.90 respectively. All the sub-dimensions of health promoting behaviours (namely spiritual growth, interpersonal relations, nutrition, physical activity, health responsibility and stress management) were found to be significantly correlated with each other. Age reflected significant and positive correlation with health responsibility. No significant association was seen in educational level and health promoting efforts (χ2 = 1, p > .05). In this study the subjects were either graduates or postgraduates.

Keywords

Health Promoting Behaviours

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Harprit Kaur ¹, Anu ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Psychology, Punjabi University, Patiala, IN

Abstract

Anger and alienation are two areas of major concern in the current changing times marked by people living lives without feeling connected with their significant others, and exhibiting marked lowered frustration tolerance in reacting in social and familial interactions. It is important to tap the young adults so that appropriate help can be provided at the age when they are individuating and forming a stable personality. In contemporary times health has become an area of major concern and the most basic aspect for the same is the BMI. The current paper explores anger in relation to alienation and BMI, also referring to the socio-demographic variables. The research was performed by using standardized psychological measures on a sample of 70 individuals and the results obtained were analyzed using correlation, t-test and ANOVA. Anger and alienation were found to be highly positively correlated but gender differences and mediating effect of BMI was absent. Results and their implications are discussed in detail in the present paper.

Keywords

Anger, Alienation, BMI, Young Adults

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Harprit Kaur ¹, Kavneet Kaur ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Psychology, Punjabi University Patiala, Punjab, IN

Abstract

Behavior is governed by some kind of motivation or regulation which is broadly categorized as intrinsic motivation and extrinsic motivation. Every individual regardless of gender has some strength and some difficulties in regulating behavior. The present piece of research has been conducted to study gender differences in adolescents in relation to their perceived strengths and difficulties, as well as their capacity for academic self-regulation. For this, a sample of 54 boys and 46 girls was taken. They all belonged to the age group of 11-13 and were studying in an urban English medium public school. They were administered the strengths and difficulties questionnaire by Goodman (2002) and the academic self-regulation questionnaire (SRQ-A) by Ryan and Connell (1989). The strength and difficulty questionnaire has four scales namely the emotional symptoms scale, conduct problems scale, hyperactivity scale and peer problems scale that comprise the total difficulty score, and the prosocial scale that signifies the strength score. The SRQ-A has four sub-scales that represent four different regulatory styles namely external regulation, introjected regulation, identified regulation, and intrinsic motivation. The data were collected and were further rendered to statistical analysis. T-test was applied to find out the differences between the two groups on various dimensions.

Keywords

Academic Self-Regulation, Gender, Adolescent's Strength and Difficulties.

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Harprit Kaur ¹, Swati ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Psychology, Punjabi University, Patiala, IN

Abstract

Dark triad of personality has been into limelight of research since early twentieth century. Initially the research in this area was limited to delinquent and criminal population but lately the focus shifted onto the normal population. Dark triad of personality is a group of three personality traits that are narcissism, Machiavellianism and psychopathy. All these traits are interpersonally aversive There has always been controversy over the empirical overlap between the members of dark triad, this research paper tries to explain dark triad of personality and prove that though there is empirical overlap between the members of dark triad still all the three are distinct constructs and different research work pertaining to this has been compiled in this paper. The paper also throws light on how the dark triad of personality lie on other personality scales such as big five and HEXACO model. Moreover the issue of potential interest in this paper is that negative traits are part and parcel of normal personality profile.

Keywords

Narcissism, Machiavellianism and Psychopathy.

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Harprit Kaur ¹, Neeru ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Psychology, Punjabi University, Patiala, IN

Abstract

During the management of HIV patients the role of social support, specifically of that of the family is crucial; yet it is equally significant that the impact of this illness is not just on the patient but has far reaching implications for the whole family unit. Gender determines the role as well as the privileges enjoyed by the family member who is a patient; this is particularly evident in the Indian context wherein gender differentiation is marked. Estimates from the World Health Organization (2003) indicate that only about 50% of patients with chrome diseases living in developed countries follow treatment recommendations, the state of Compliance ma nation like ours is bound to be alarming too. Thus the present study evaluated the impact of adherence to medication and gender on family pathology. For this purpose, sixty male and female HIV patients were examined for family pathology while comparing the adherent and non-adherent groups. The paper discusses implications of the results obtained.

Keywords

Adherence, HIV, Family Pathology.

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Harprit Kaur ¹, Parminder Kaur ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Psychology, Punjabi University, Patiala, IN

Abstract

Childhood is the most crucial stage and lays the foundation of life. It is a period of rapid- physical, mental, social and emotional development of children. At this age, emotions play an important role. Emotional development includes the emergence of a child's experience, expression, understanding, and regulation of emotions. The regulation of emotions depends upon how a child recognizes labels and controls the expression of his emotions in ways that are generally consistent with cultural expectations. Emotional development does not occur in isolation; the social and behavioural influences have a pivotal role in this context.Any hindrance occurring during this age impacts child's social, emotional and physical health. One of the current issues which is caused by the dys-regulation of emotionsis Obesity. Childhood obesity is an important issue because of the staggering proportions that this disease has reached. It has reached epidemic levels across national and socio-cultural boundaries', creating a dire need to turn over a new leaf for the child's physical and psychological health. Keeping in view the above, present investigation was planned to study the relationship of alexithymia and obesity in children. The total sample for this study comprised of 463 children, out of which 303 children were obese and 160 children were non-obese control group.Alexithymia questionnaire for children (Rieffe, Oosterveld & Terwogt; 2005)was administered andanalysis of data was carried out using both descriptive and inferential statistical measures. The results and their implications are discussed in the paper. The study makes a strong case for counselling- workshops for parenting, and counselling-group sessions for training in emotions management for children.

Keywords

Alexithymia, Obesity, Emotions, Body Mass Index, Children.

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Harprit Kaur ¹, Aastha Verma ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Psychology, Punjabi University, Patiala, Punjab, IN

Abstract

The present study was conducted to explore the link between emotional intelligence and personality. It also examined the relationship of basic socio-demographic data with personality and emotional intelligence. Emotional intelligence is a concept of huge importance in terms of understanding the emotional aspect of people and for enhancing their self-awareness, work life, and social relations. The study was conducted on the sample of 60 adults (37 Females & 23 Males) within the age range of 21 to 56 years. Data was collected using Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (Myers & Myers, 1998) and Emotional Intelligence Test (Chadha & Singh, 2001). The statistical analysis used were the coefficient of correlation and student's t-test. The results indicated that T-F (Thinking-Feeling) dichotomy had a significant correlation with Emotional Sensitivity and Emotional Intelligence; E-I (Extraversion-Introversion) dichotomy had a significant correlation with Emotional Competency. Results also showed a significant relationship of age with S-N (Sensing-Intuition) dichotomy and Emotional Maturity. Gender differences were found to be non-significant in personality and emotional intelligence. Detailed results and their implications have been discussed in the paper

Keywords

Personality, MBTI, Emotional Intelligence.

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Harprit Kaur ¹, Navjit Kaur ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Psychology, Punjabi University, Patiala, Punjab, IN

Abstract

A potential leadership divests organizations and society because these individuals fail to realize their full potential. Fear of success can be defined as persons who fail to realize their full potential and withdraw from success, because of the negative consequences that prevent the person from dreaming and achieving his goals. Self-esteem is a factor contributing to personal satisfaction and effective functioning, a realization that they are good and valuable individuals. The purpose of the present study was to examine the relationship between the fear of success and self-esteem among Multinational Company managers. It also aimed to study the gender differences between the fear of success and self-esteem. This study was based on an empirical investigation conducted among 40 male and 40 female professional managers from various middle management of various organizations. The instruments used for this research were Fear of Success (Zuckerman & Allison, 1976) and State Self-Esteem scale (Heatherton & Polivy, 1991). Correlation and t-test were used for analyzing the results. Obtained results showed there was a significant correlation between self-esteem and fear of success. Components of self-esteem show significant correlation with fear of success. Male managers were significantly higher than female managers on self-esteem, while female managers were significantly higher than their male counterparts on fear of success. Implications for practice and research are discussed in the present study.

Keywords

Managers, Fear of Success and Self-Esteem.

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Harprit Kaur ¹, Tilahun Gidey Gebremeskal ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Psychology, Punjabi University, Patiala, Punjab, IN
2 Department of Psychology, Punjabi University, Patiala, Punjab and Bahir Dar University, ET

Abstract

Though the study of school bullying has been around the corner for some decades now due to its harmful consequences, in Ethiopia issues surrounding school bullying are not well explored. The present study sought to explore if experiencing victimization is related to perpetration of bullying. Data were drawn from 404 randomly selected primary school students from Bahir Dar city and Debark town, Ethiopia. One item answered yes and no was utilized to tap data on victimization experience. Perpetration of bullying was measured using participant role scale taken from Salmivalli, Lagerspetz, Bjorkqvist, Osterman, & Kaukiainen, (1996). Independent sample t-test was used to analyse data. Results showed that there was statistically significant difference in bullying (t=2.860, p=.005) between participants who experienced victimization and those who were not victimized. We concluded that 1) a significant portion of adolescents have experienced victimization and 2) experiencing victimization makes a difference in proclivity to perpetrate bullying with victims involving more in perpetrating bullying. We suggest that efforts to reduce bullying should make sure adolescents are not exposed to victimization experiences as it makes a difference among others.

Keywords

Bullying, Adolescents, Victimization.

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Harprit Kaur ¹, Tilahun Gidey Gebremeskal ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Psychology, Punjabi University, Patiala, Punjab, IN

Abstract

Bullying has existed in schools for so long. Research into the area however is only decades old. Even though empathy is shown to be a significant predictor of antisocial behaviors including bullying empirical evidence on the links of empathy to school bullying is missing from the scientific literature in Ethiopia. The present study examined whether or not and how adolescents' sex and the two dimensions of empathy: perspective taking, and empathic concern predict bullying. Data were drawn from 404 randomly selected primary school students from Bahir Dar city and Debark town, Ethiopia. The perspective taking and empathic concern subscales from Interpersonal Reactivity Index (IRI) were used to measure the two dimensions of empathy. Whereas, bullying was measured using participant role scale taken from Salmivalli, Lagerspetz, Bjorkqvist, Osterman, and Kaukiainen (1996). Multiple Linear Regression was used to analyse data. Results showed that the adjusted R2 was .139 suggesting 14% of the variance in bullying is explained by the combined impact of the predictors. It was also determined that adolescent1 sex (β=-.219, t=-4.648, p=.00) perspective taking (β=-.11, t=-2.271, p=.024) and empathic concern (β=-.229, t=-4.727, p=.000) are significant predictors. We concluded that adolescent's sex, perspective taking and empathic concern inhibit bullying behavior. Based on our findings we suggested inter alia that future endeavors to curb bullying should consider the role of empathy.

Keywords

Bullying, Empathic Concern, Perspective Taking, Sex, Adolescents.

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Harprit Kaur ¹, Abhishek Mahajan ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Psychology, Punjabi University Patiala, Punjab, IN

Abstract

To assess and compare metacognition and its dimensions in patients with Obsessive Compulsive Disorder. The aim of the present study was to explore metacognition and its dimensions in individuals with obsessive compulsive disorder and the total sample consisted of 50 participants (N=50), out of which 25 were individuals with Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (n=25) and 25 were the healthy controls (n=25) with the age range of 18-45 years. The participants were recruited from various psychiatric hospitals, Pathankot in Punjab region. All the participants were clinically interviewed to establish the diagnosis with the help of Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale and General Health Questionnaire-12 was used for healthy controls. They were compared on variables i.e. metacognition and its dimensions with the help of Meta-Cognition Questionnaire-30. Thereafter data was entered in SPSS version 23 and independent sample t-test and Pearson product moment correlation were performed on the obtained scores. It was found that metacognition and its dimensions were higher in patients with OCD and also significant positive associations were found among OCD and metacognitive dimensions except for positive beliefs about worry.

Keywords

metacognition, metacognitive dimensions, obsessive compulsive disorder

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